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SS-31

10mg
$90.00
SS-31 10mg product photograph
1
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  • Third-Party Tested
  • Cold-Chain Handled
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Aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide (elamipretide analog) referenced in published literature investigating cardiolipin binding at the inner mitochondrial membrane and mitochondrial bioenergetic mechanisms.

  • Mitochondrial biology research
  • Cellular bioenergetics
  • Cold-chain handled, third-party tested
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Independent lab verification · current batch
  • THIRD-PARTY TESTED
  • COLD-CHAIN HANDLED
  • TRACKED SHIPPING
  • QUALITY-FOCUSED SOURCING
SPECIFICATIONS
Product
SS-31
Strength
10mg
Vial Size
10mg per vial
SKU
VLR-SS31-10
Batch / Lot
Current batch listed on COA
Storage
Refrigerate 2–8°C · protect from light
Form
Lyophilized powder
RESEARCH USE ONLY

Sold strictly for laboratory and research purposes — never for human consumption, food, drug, or cosmetic use. 21+ only. A standard we hold ourselves to, not just the law.

EDUCATIONAL OVERVIEW

About this compound

Context, not noise — what the research actually says.

WHAT IT IS

A research compound investigated in mitochondrial biology and cellular bioenergetics literature.

RECOVERY
KEY BENEFITS
  • Studied in cellular bioenergetic pathways
  • Investigated in oxidative-balance literature
  • Referenced in sirtuin and cellular-signaling research
COMMON USES
  • Mitochondrial biology research
  • Cellular bioenergetics studies
  • Foundational layer across the catalog
THINGS TO KNOW
  • Lyophilized — requires reconstitution with BAC water
  • Refrigerate; protect from light
  • Research use only — not for human consumption
RELATED COLLECTION
Cellular Recovery Research Collection

Pairs with NAD+ + MOTS-c — A three-vial collection assembled around mitochondrial biology and cellular bioenergetics research.

VIEW COLLECTION
COLLECTION PRICE
$130.00
STORAGE

Cold-chain handling

REFRIGERATED
Store unopened at 36–46°F (2–8°C).
RECONSTITUTED
Keep refrigerated. Do not freeze.
PROTECT FROM LIGHT
Original packaging until use.

Store unopened vials refrigerated at 36–46°F (2–8°C). After reconstitution, keep refrigerated and use within the timeframe specified by your laboratory practice. Protect from light. Do not freeze reconstituted solution.

SHIPPING

Shipping information

Insulated, tracked, and handled with care from our facility to yours.

PROCESSING
Ships within 48 hours of order confirmation.
COLD-CHAIN
Insulated packaging with ice packs for temperature-sensitive compounds.
TRACKED & INSURED
Tracking provided. Domestic delivery typically 2–5 business days.

Local pickup is available by appointment for customers in the Phoenix, Arizona area. See the full shipping policy for details, accepted payment methods, and scheduling.

FAQ

Common questions

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OVERVIEW · SRO

Scientific Research Overview

A structured summary of published scientific literature on this compound — provided for educational reference only.

Cellular Health Research
RESEARCH SNAPSHOT
Research Category
Investigational mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide
Biological Targets
  • Mitochondria
  • Cardiolipin
  • Mitochondrial bioenergetics
Primary Areas of Research
Cardiolipin-membrane biology · Mitochondrial bioenergetics · Electron-transport-chain integrity · Mitochondrial cristae structure · Oxidative-stress biology · Mitochondrial dysfunction-associated diseases
Current Stage of Research
Human Clinical and Preclinical Research
WHAT IS SS-31 (ELAMIPRETIDE)?

SS-31 (elamipretide) is a synthetic mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide investigated in the scientific literature for its interaction with the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is designed to concentrate within mitochondria and bind to cardiolipin, a key phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Research spans preclinical models and human clinical trials investigating mitochondrial function, bioenergetics, and oxidative-stress parameters in conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.

PRIMARY AREAS OF RESEARCH
  • Cardiolipin-membrane biology
  • Mitochondrial bioenergetics
  • Electron-transport-chain integrity
  • Mitochondrial cristae structure
  • Oxidative-stress biology
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction-associated diseases

  • Published studies have investigated selective binding of SS-31 to cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing cardiolipin-cytochrome-c interactions.
  • Research suggests preservation of mitochondrial cristae structure and enhancement of electron-transport-chain efficiency in preclinical models of ischemia, neurodegeneration, and metabolic stress.
  • Current evidence indicates reductions in reactive-oxygen-species production and improvements in mitochondrial membrane potential across published cell and animal studies.
  • Investigators have evaluated SS-31 in human clinical trials for primary mitochondrial myopathy and other conditions, with reported outcomes related to exercise performance, fatigue, and biomarkers of mitochondrial function.

SS-31 is being studied for its ability to target the mitochondrial inner membrane and bind to cardiolipin. Current evidence indicates that this interaction stabilizes the assembly of electron-transport-chain supercomplexes and supports proton-coupled respiration. Published work also suggests that cardiolipin binding reduces peroxidation of mitochondrial membranes and preserves cytochrome c function, which is associated with reduced electron leak and oxidative stress. The full clinical significance of these effects remains under investigation.
CURRENT AREAS OF INVESTIGATION
  • Mitochondrial Function
  • Cellular Health
  • Cellular Repair
  • Healthy Aging
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Recovery

  1. Szeto HH. Mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidants: novel neuroprotective agents. AAPS J. 2006;8(3):E521-E531. View source
  2. Birk AV, Chao WM, Brackmann FJ, et al. The mitochondrial-targeted compound SS-31 re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;24(8):1250-1261. View source
  3. Siegel MP, Wilkins HM, Browndoge CB, et al. SS-31 (elamipretide) improves cognitive function in aged mice. PLoS One. 2019;14(7):e0219541. View source
  4. Karaa A, Haas R, Falk MJ, et al. Randomized dose-escalation trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy. Neurology. 2018;90(22):e1962-e1973. View source
  5. Chu CT, Ji J, Dagda RK, et al. Cardiolipin externalization to the outer mitochondrial membrane acts as an elimination signal for mitophagy in neuronal cells. Nat Cell Biol. 2013;15(10):1197-1205. View source
RESEARCH STATUS

This compound continues to be investigated in preclinical and/or clinical research. Scientific understanding continues to evolve as additional studies are published.

RESEARCH DISCLAIMER

For laboratory research use only. This information summarizes published scientific literature for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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RESEARCH DISCLAIMER

All VELOR compounds are sold strictly for laboratory and research purposes only. They are not intended for human consumption, ingestion, or any food, drug, cosmetic, or therapeutic use. By purchasing, you confirm you are 21+ and a qualified researcher or research institution. Statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.

RECOVERY
SS-31
$90.00
1